The ongoing war in Myanmar’s Rakhine State (Arakan) has led to a worsening humanitarian crisis. To help civilians trapped by the conflict, some are proposing a “Humanitarian Corridor” through southeastern Bangladesh, mainly the Teknaf–Bandarban route. While the idea seems focused on helping people, it carries serious political and security risks.
From 2023 to 2024, global organizations like the UN, EU, and Western NGOs raised concerns about being unable to send aid into Rakhine due to heavy fighting. With roads destroyed, they suggested entering through Bangladesh. But this plan is not just about aid, global powers see it as a strategic move.
China, closely tied to Myanmar’s military and its Belt and Road projects, fears this corridor may allow the West to gain influence in a key region. The U.S. and its allies, however, see it as a chance to reduce China’s power and maybe support groups like the Arakan Army.
For Bangladesh, the stakes are high. If mismanaged, the corridor could turn into a lawless zone used by smugglers, armed groups and drug traffickers, especially around Cox’s Bazar, Bandarban and Rangamati. It could also lead to foreign control, as seen in East Timor and Kosovo.
India does not want any corridor to be established in this region. It shares a border with Myanmar and in the areas separated from mainland India, also worries about unrest spreading into Tripura and Mizoram where pro-independence groups are active. Therefore, India is exerting pressure on Bangladesh in every possible way to prevent the corridor from being established.
If Bangladesh takes well-planned and technically sound steps, the proposed corridor could bring significant benefits. With a large number of Rohingya already sheltered in the country, this could also open the door for their safe return to Rakhine, along with other advantages:
Potential Benefits:
• Enhance Bangladesh’s international image
• Boost local economies along the border
• Create conditions for Rohingya repatriation
• Strengthen diplomatic ties with major powers
• Improve border security and reduce illegal activities
To minimize risks, Bangladesh must ensure:
• Nationwide political and public consensus
• Strong security and constant monitoring
• Clear international agreements with guarantees
• Balanced diplomacy with both China, India and Western Super Powers.
• Complete Bangladeshi control over corridor operations
Handled wisely, the corridor could be a win. But if not, it may open the door to foreign interference and instability.
