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Climate-induced poverty is a global crisis

Published : Monday, 7 April, 2025 at 12:00 AM  Count : 884
Climate change is no longer a distant threat but an immediate crisis with profound socioeconomic consequences. One of its most devastating effects is climate-related poverty, a phenomenon where environmental changes exacerbate existing economic hardships, pushing vulnerable communities deeper into destitution. The interplay between climate change and poverty is multifaceted, involving extreme weather events, declining agricultural yields, loss of livelihoods, displacement, and increasing costs of adaptation. Climate change disproportionately affects the world's poorest populations. These communities are often the least responsible for carbon emissions but bear the brunt of the consequences. Several mechanisms explain how climate change drives poverty.

Natural disasters such as hurricanes, droughts, floods, and wildfires are increasing in frequency and intensity due to climate change. These events have devastating economic consequences, particularly for low-income communities with limited resources to recover. Hurricanes and Typhoons: Coastal communities are particularly vulnerable to stronger and more frequent storms. For example, in 2013, Typhoon Haiyan displaced millions in the Philippines, destroying homes, infrastructure, and livelihoods. Flooding: Rising sea levels and erratic rainfall patterns contribute to flooding, destroying homes, roads, and agricultural land. In South Asia, monsoon floods affect millions yearly, pushing families into deeper poverty. Droughts and Desertification: Prolonged droughts in regions like the Sahel in Africa devastate agriculture, leading to food insecurity, malnutrition, and forced migration.

Agriculture is highly sensitive to climatic changes, and many of the world's poorest people depend on farming for survival. Climate-induced changes in temperature, rainfall patterns, and soil quality significantly reduce agricultural yields, affecting food supply and income. Crop Failures: In sub-Saharan Africa, maize yields are expected to decline by up to 30% by 2050 due to increased temperatures and erratic rainfall. Livestock Losses: Rising temperatures and water shortages threaten livestock, which many communities depend on for food and income. Rising Food Prices: When climate change disrupts food production, prices skyrocket, making staple foods unaffordable for poor populations.

As environmental conditions worsen, millions are forced to leave their homes in search of safer and more sustainable living conditions. Climate-related displacement is one of the most visible effects of climate-induced poverty. Coastal Erosion and Rising Sea Levels: Low-lying nations such as Bangladesh and island nations like the Maldives face existential threats from rising sea levels, forcing communities to migrate inland or abroad. Desertification and Resource Scarcity: In regions like the Middle East and North Africa, expanding deserts push rural populations into urban centers, increasing competition for jobs and resources. Conflict over Resources: Climate-induced migration often leads to tensions and conflicts over land, water, and employment opportunities, further entrenching poverty.

Climate change exacerbates health problems, particularly among poor communities with limited access to healthcare. The combination of extreme weather, pollution, and food insecurity contributes to rising disease burdens. Heat waves and Mortality: Rising global temperatures increase the frequency of deadly heat waves, particularly affecting outdoor laborers, the elderly and low-income urban populations. Waterborne Diseases: Flooding and poor sanitation contribute to the spread of cholera, dysentery, and other waterborne illnesses. Malnutrition: Food scarcity leads to malnutrition, stunting growth in children and weakening immune systems, making populations more susceptible to disease.


The financial burden of adapting to climate change disproportionately affects the poor. While wealthy nations and individuals can invest in infrastructure, technology, and insurance, marginalized communities lack these safety nets. Housing and Infrastructure: Poorer communities often live in areas highly susceptible to climate disasters, such as floodplains and informal settlements, without adequate protective measures. Energy Costs: As climate conditions worsen, cooling and heating costs rise, further straining household budgets. Limited Government Support: Many developing nations lack the resources to implement large-scale climate adaptation programs, leaving the most vulnerable populations to fend for themselves.

In the Horn of Africa, prolonged droughts have devastated agricultural economies, leading to widespread food insecurity. Countries like Somalia, Ethiopia, and Kenya experience recurring famines, forcing millions to depend on humanitarian aid. The lack of water also leads to conflicts between pastoralist and farming communities, further exacerbating poverty. Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change, with rising sea levels threatening to displace millions. Flooding destroys crops, contaminates freshwater sources, and increases the prevalence of waterborne diseases. Rural populations, lacking alternative livelihoods, migrate to overcrowded urban areas, increasing unemployment and poverty. Pacific Island nations such as Tuvalu and Kiribati face the prospect of becoming uninhabitable due to rising sea levels. Coastal erosion has already destroyed farmland, fisheries are declining, and saltwater intrusion threatens freshwater supplies. Many residents are forced to migrate to larger countries, but economic opportunities remain scarce.

While climate-related poverty presents a dire challenge, solutions exist to mitigate its impact and support vulnerable communities. Investing in climate-smart agriculture can help farmers adapt to changing conditions and ensure food security. Drought-resistant crops: Developing and distributing seeds that can withstand extreme weather conditions. Sustainable irrigation: Expanding access to efficient irrigation techniques to conserve water. Agroforestry: Combining trees with crops to enhance soil fertility and reduce erosion.

Building resilient infrastructure can protect communities from climate-related disasters. Flood defenses: Constructing levees and drainage systems to mitigate flood damage. Climate-proof housing: Developing affordable, storm-resistant homes for vulnerable populations. Early warning systems: Implementing technologies to provide timely alerts for extreme weather events. Transitioning to renewable energy can provide economic opportunities while reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Solar and wind power: Expanding access to renewable energy can create jobs and reduce energy costs. Green jobs initiatives: Training programs in sustainable industries can provide new employment opportunities. Microfinance and small business support: Providing financial aid to help communities establish alternative livelihoods. Wealthier nations must support climate adaptation efforts in poorer countries. Climate funds: Increasing financial contributions to global climate adaptation initiatives. Debt relief: Alleviating debt burdens for developing nations to allow investment in climate resilience. Technology transfer: Sharing innovations that can help vulnerable regions adapt to climate change.

Climate-related poverty is one of the most pressing humanitarian and economic challenges of the 21st century. As climate change accelerates, its impact on vulnerable populations will only worsen unless decisive action is taken. Addressing this crisis requires a combination of policy reforms, international cooperation, and grassroots initiatives to build resilience, promote sustainable development, and protect the most at-risk communities. The fight against climate-related poverty is ultimately a fight for global justice and sustainability-one that demands urgent and sustained efforts from governments, organizations, and individuals alike.

The writer is a news presenter, Independent Television


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